In military operations, what does 'Envelopment' specifically refer to?

Envelopment refers specifically to a maneuver in military operations where forces attack an enemy's flank to bypass their main defenses. This tactic is designed to encircle or outflank the opponent, allowing for an assault from unexpected directions. By avoiding direct confrontation with well-fortified positions, forces can create vulnerabilities in the enemy's line and apply pressure from multiple angles, which can lead to confusion and disarray within their ranks. This strategy exploits the weaknesses in the enemy's defense, making it a more efficient method of engaging superior forces or well-defended positions.

In contrast, direct assaults on strongholds, as mentioned in another option, tend to be more straightforward and typically involve facing well-defended areas head-on, with higher risks of casualties and potential failure. Covert operations behind enemy lines focus on stealth and surprise, usually for sabotage or intelligence-gathering rather than direct engagement. Interdicting tactics center around preventing enemy movements and supplies rather than direct combat engagements. Thus, the envelopment maneuver stands out as a strategic approach aiming to leverage the enemy's vulnerabilities by attacking their unprotected sides.