What maneuver is described as avoiding an enemy's principal defense by attacking along a flank?

The maneuver described as avoiding an enemy's principal defense by attacking along a flank is known as envelopment. This tactic involves positioning forces to move around the sides of the enemy's defensive positions, effectively bypassing their strongest defenses to strike at their rear or unprotected sides.

Envelopment is particularly effective because it can disorient the enemy and create confusion, often leading to a breakdown in their ability to respond effectively. By attacking from the flank, the attacking force can exploit weaknesses in the enemy's formation, potentially causing greater disruption than a direct frontal assault would.

This method requires careful planning and execution, as well as an understanding of the terrain and the enemy's movements, to ensure that the attacking forces can successfully maneuver without being countered. Engaging in an envelopment can shift the balance of power in a battle, making it a crucial strategy in military operations.