Which term refers to the defensive support provided by firepower during ground operations?

Support by Fire is the term used to describe the defensive support provided by firepower during ground operations. It involves the use of direct fire from a designated position to protect friendly forces as they maneuver or engage the enemy. This tactic allows one unit to suppress or neutralize enemy forces while another unit carries out its mission, effectively creating a protective umbrella that enhances operational success.

In ground operations, achieving fire superiority is crucial, and Support by Fire is a strategic method to ensure that friendly troops can advance or reposition without being exposed to enemy fire. This concept emphasizes coordination and communication between different units, enabling them to work together seamlessly in a combat scenario.

Each of the other terms reflects different tactical operations but does not specifically encapsulate the defensive nature of firepower support during maneuvers in the same way. Cover Fire, for instance, focuses on providing fire to cover movement but does not implement the coordination aspect as explicitly as Support by Fire. Flanking Maneuver involves positioning forces to gain an advantage without directly relating to the provision of suppressive fire. Assault Fire is typically associated with aggressive offensive tactics aimed at overwhelming an enemy position, rather than providing defensive support during ground operations.